Antigone Essays (892 words) - Ancient Greece, Greek Mythology

Antigone In Ancient Greece, new ideals surfaced as answers to life's complicated questions. These new beliefs were centered around the expanding field of science. Man was focused on more than the Gods or heavenly concerns. A government that was ruled by the people was suggested as opposed to a monarchy that had existed for many years. Freedom of religion was encouraged to be exercised in city-states. These new ideals, though good in intentions, often conflicted with each other creating complex moral dilemmas. Such was the case in Antigone a play written by Sophocles during this era of change. In the play, Antigone and Creon battle a philosophical war dealing with the controversy of the Greek ideals. They both based their actions on their beliefs of what is right and wrong. The conflict arose when the ideals that backed up their actions clashed with each other, making it contradiction between morals. Antigone's side of the conflict held a much more heavenly approach, as opposed to the mundane road that Creon chose to follow. Antigone feels that Creon is disregarding the laws of heaven through his edict. After she is captured and brought to Creon, she tells him ?I do not think your edicts strong enough to overrule the unwritten unalterable laws of God and heaven, you being only a man.? Antigone's staunch opinion is one that supports the Gods and the laws of heaven. Her reasoning is set by her belief that if someone is not given a proper burial, that person would not be accepted into heaven. Antigone was a very religious person, and acceptance of her brother by the Gods was very important to her. She felt that ?It is against you and me he has made this order. Yes, against me.? Creon's order was personal to Antigone. His edict invaded her family life as well as the Gods'. An important ideal in Ancient Greece was the belief that the government was to have no control in matters concerning religious beliefs. In Antigone's eyes, Creon betrayed that ideal by not allowing her to properly bury her brother, Polynices. She believed that the burial was a religious ceremony, and Creon did not have the power to deny Polynices that right. Antigone's strong beliefs eventually led her to her death by the hand of Creon. Never, though, did she stop defending what she thought was right. As Creon ordered her to her death, Antigone exclaimed, ?I go, his prisoner, because I honoured those things in which honour truly belongs.? She is directly humiliating Creon by calling his opinions and decisions weak and unjust. She also emphasizes ?his prisoner,? which tells us that Creon's decision to capture Antigone was his own, and was not backed up by the majority of the people. She feels that Creon is abusing his power as king and dealing with her task to a personal level. Creon's actions are guided by the ideal that states ?Man is the measure of all things.? The chorus emphasizes this point during the play by stating that ?There is nothing beyond (man's) power.? Creon believes t hat the good of man comes before the gods. Setting the example using Polynices' body left unburied is a symbol of Creon's belief. ?No man who is his country's enemy shall call himself my friend.? This quote shows that leaving the body unburied is done to show respect for Thebes. After all, how could the ruler of a city-state honor a man who attempted to invade and conquer his city. From that perspective, Creon's actions are completely just and supported by the ideals. Though most of Creon's reasonings coincide with the Greek ideals, one ideal strongly contradicts his actions. The ideal states that the population would be granted freedom from political oppression and that freedom of religion would be carried out. Creon defied both of these. First, Antigone was ?his prisoner?, not necessarily the publics. In fact, the general population supported Antigone, though they were too scared to say anything. Haemon, the son of Creon, knew of this, and told Creon, ?Has she not rather earned a crown of gold?- Such is the secret talk of the town.? This proves that Creon was exercising complete domination of political

Holocaust Genealogy - Researching Holocaust Ancestors

Holocaust Genealogy - Researching Holocaust Ancestors It is a sad reality that most Jews researching their families will eventually discover relatives who were victims of the Holocaust. Whether youre searching for information about relatives who disappeared or were killed during the Holocaust, or want to learn whether any relatives survived the Holocaust and may have living descendants there are a number of resources available to you. Begin your venture into Holocaust research by interviewing your living family members. Try to learn the names, ages, birthplaces, and last known whereabouts of the people you would like to trace. The more information you have, the easier your search. Search the Yad Vashem Database The major archive center for the Holocaust is Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, Israel. They are a good first step for anyone looking for information on the fate of a Holocaust victim. They maintain a Central Database of Shoah Victims Names and are also attempting to document every one of the six million Jews murdered in the Holocaust. These Pages of Testimony document the name, place and circumstances of death, occupation, names of family members and other information. In addition, they include information on the informations submitter, including his/her name, address and relationship to the deceased. Over three million Jewish Holocaust victims have been documented to date. These Pages of Testimony are also available online as part of the Central Database of Shoah Victims Names. The International Tracing Service As millions of Holocaust refugees scattered throughout Europe following World War II, a common collection point was created for information about Holocaust victims and survivors. This information repository evolved into the International Tracing Service (ITS). To this day, information on Holocaust victims and survivors is still collected and disseminated by this organization, now a part of the Red Cross. They maintain an index of information relating to more than 14 people affected by the Holocaust. The best way to request information through this service is to contact the Red Cross in your country. In the United States, the Red Cross maintains the Holocaust and War Victims Tracing Center as a service for U.S. residents. Yizkor Books Groups of Holocaust survivors and friends and relatives of Holocaust victims created Yiskor books, or Holocaust memorial books, to memorialize the community in which they once lived. These groups of individuals, known as landsmanshaftn, were generally comprised of former residents of a particular town. Yizkor books are written and compiled by these ordinary people to convey the culture and feeling of their life before the Holocaust, and to remember the families and individuals of their hometown. The usefulness of the content for family history research varies, but most Yizkor books contain information on the history of the town, along with names and family relationships. You may also find lists of Holocaust victims, personal narratives, photographs, maps and drawings. Almost all include a separate Yizkor section, with memorial notices remembering and commemorating individuals and families lost during the war. Most Yizkor books are written in Hebrew or Yiddish. Online resources for Yizkor books include: JewishGen Yizkor Book Project - A database of Yizkor books with information on the library that holds each book, a searchable necrology index, and translations submitted by volunteers. NY Public Library - Yizkor Books Online - includes full digital images of 650 of the 700 postwar yizkor books in the collection of The York Public Library. Connect with Living Survivors A variety of registries can be found online which help connect Holocaust survivors and the descendants of Holocaust survivors. JewishGen Holocaust Global Registry - This registry provides a central place for anyone searching Holocaust survivors, and includes the names of survivors and their family members from all over the globe. Dont miss the heartwarming success stories submitted by users of the registry! Registry of Holocaust Survivors - The U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. maintains an updated, computerized Registry of survivors. Holocaust Testimonies The Holocaust is one of the most documented events in world history, and much can be learned from reading the stories of the survivors. A number of Web sites include stories, videos and other first-hand accounts of the Holocaust. Voices of the Holocaust -This documentary project by the Illinois Institute of Technology includes first-hand accounts of the Holocaust collected by Dr. David Boder in 1946. Testimonies of the Holocaust - The USC Shoah Foundation Institute interviewed and collected testimonies from nearly 52,000 Holocaust survivors and other witnesses. The Testimony Catalog is available online and on CD-ROM, although names are omitted from the online version for privacy reasons. The catalog includes basic biographical info only, including city and country of birth, religious identity and wartime experiences. The actual videos and other data are maintained in the archives.Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies - A collection of over 4,300 videotaped interviews with witnesses and survivors of the Holocaust. Part of Yale Universitys department of Manuscripts and Archives. The video interviews are not available online, but you can view several brief testimony excerpts. For further, more detailed information on researching the people of the Holocaust, I highly recommend the book How to Document Victims and Locate Survivors of the Holocaust by Gary Mokotoff. Many of the essential how to portions of the book have been placed online by the publisher, Avotaynu, and the full book can also be ordered through them.